ESP8266-Arduino网络编程实例-Web页面调节LED（基于PWM）

Web页面调节LED（基于PWM）

本实例将演示如何通过Web页面的Slider来调节LED亮度。LED的亮度通过PWM控制。

在前面的文章中，对PWM使用做了详细的介绍，请参考：

在前面的文章中，介绍如何实现一个异步Web服务器：

在前面的文章中，介绍如何将Web页面文件储存到SPIFFS和LittleFS中：

我们将在实例中创建三个Slider来控制三个LED的亮度，控制逻辑如下：

在这里插入图片描述

Web页面数据通信通过WebSocket协议实现。关于WebSocket协议使用，请参考前面文章：

1、硬件准备

  • ESP8266 NodeMCU开发板一块
  • 数据线一条

硬件接线如下：

在这里插入图片描述

2、软件准备

  • Arduino IDE或VSCode + PlatformIO

在前面的文章中，对如何搭建ESP8266开发环境做了详细的介绍，请参考：

ESP8266 NodeMCU的引脚介绍在前面的文章中做了详细的介绍，请参考：

3、代码实现

1）Web页面代码实现（index.html）

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>ESP IOT DASHBOARD</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <!--<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon.png"> -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/style.css">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="topnav">
        <h1>Multiple Sliders</h1>
    </div>
    <div class="content">
        <div class="card-grid">
            <div class="card">
                <p class="card-title">Fader 1</p>
                <p class="switch">
                    <input type="range" onchange="updateSliderPWM(this)" id="slider1" min="0" max="100" step="1" value ="0" class="slider">
                </p>
                <p class="state">Brightness: <span id="sliderValue1"></span> &percnt;</p>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <p class="card-title"> Fader 2</p>
                <p class="switch">
                    <input type="range" onchange="updateSliderPWM(this)" id="slider2" min="0" max="100" step="1" value ="0" class="slider">
                </p>
                <p class="state">Brightness: <span id="sliderValue2"></span> &percnt;</p>
            </div>
            <div class="card">
                <p class="card-title"> Fader 3</p>
                <p class="switch">
                    <input type="range" onchange="updateSliderPWM(this)" id="slider3" min="0" max="100" step="1" value ="0" class="slider">
                </p>
                <p class="state">Brightness: <span id="sliderValue3"></span> &percnt;</p>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

2）Web页面样式代码实现（style.css）

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html {
    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    display: inline-block;
    text-align: center;
  }
  h1 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: white;
  }
  p {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
  }
  .topnav {
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #0A1128;
  }
  body {
    margin: 0;
  }
  .content {
    padding: 30px;
  }
  .card-grid {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: grid;
    grid-gap: 2rem;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
  }
  .card {
    background-color: white;
    box-shadow: 2px 2px 12px 1px rgba(140,140,140,.5);
  }
  .card-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #034078
  }
  .state {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color:#1282A2;
  }
  .slider {
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    margin: 0 auto;
    width: 100%;
    height: 15px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    background: #FFD65C;
    outline: none;
  }
  .slider::-webkit-slider-thumb {
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #034078;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  .slider::-moz-range-thumb {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 50% ;
    background: #034078;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  .switch {
    padding-left: 5%;
    padding-right: 5%;
  }

3）Web页面控制逻辑实现（script.js）

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var gateway = `ws://${window.location.hostname}/ws`;
var websocket;
window.addEventListener('load', onload);

function onload(event) {
    initWebSocket();
}

function getValues(){
    websocket.send("getValues");
}

function initWebSocket() {
    console.log('Trying to open a WebSocket connection…');
    websocket = new WebSocket(gateway);
    websocket.onopen = onOpen;
    websocket.onclose = onClose;
    websocket.onmessage = onMessage;
}

function onOpen(event) {
    console.log('Connection opened');
    getValues();
}

function onClose(event) {
    console.log('Connection closed');
    setTimeout(initWebSocket, 2000);
}

function updateSliderPWM(element) {
    var sliderNumber = element.id.charAt(element.id.length-1);
    var sliderValue = document.getElementById(element.id).value;
    document.getElementById("sliderValue"+sliderNumber).innerHTML = sliderValue;
    console.log(sliderValue);
    websocket.send(sliderNumber+"s"+sliderValue.toString());
}

function onMessage(event) {
    console.log(event.data);
    var myObj = JSON.parse(event.data);
    var keys = Object.keys(myObj);

    for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++){
        var key = keys[i];
        document.getElementById(key).innerHTML = myObj[key];
        document.getElementById("slider"+ (i+1).toString()).value = myObj[key];
    }
}

页面运行逻辑如下：

在这里插入图片描述

4）ESP8266驱动代码实现

驱动使用到如下开源库：

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#include <Arduino.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESPAsyncTCP.h>
#include <ESPAsyncWebServer.h>
#include "LittleFS.h"
#include <Arduino_JSON.h>


const char* ssid = "*****";
const char* ssid_pwd = "****";

// Create AsyncWebServer object on port 80
AsyncWebServer server(80);
// Create a WebSocket object

AsyncWebSocket ws("/ws");
// Set LED GPIO
const int ledPin1 = 2;
const int ledPin2 = 12;
const int ledPin3 = 13;

String message = "";
String sliderValue1 = "0";
String sliderValue2 = "0";
String sliderValue3 = "0";

int dutyCycle1;
int dutyCycle2;
int dutyCycle3;

//Json Variable to Hold Slider Values
JSONVar sliderValues;

//Get Slider Values
String getSliderValues(){
  sliderValues["sliderValue1"] = String(sliderValue1);
  sliderValues["sliderValue2"] = String(sliderValue2);
  sliderValues["sliderValue3"] = String(sliderValue3);

  String jsonString = JSON.stringify(sliderValues);
  return jsonString;
}

// Initialize LittleFS
void initFS() {
  if (!LittleFS.begin()) {
    Serial.println("An error has occurred while mounting LittleFS");
  }
  else{
   Serial.println("LittleFS mounted successfully");
  }
}

// Initialize WiFi
void initWiFi() {
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, ssid_pwd);
  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi ..");
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print('.');
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void notifyClients(String sliderValues) {
  ws.textAll(sliderValues);
}

void handleWebSocketMessage(void *arg, uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
  AwsFrameInfo *info = (AwsFrameInfo*)arg;
  if (info->final && info->index == 0 && info->len == len && info->opcode == WS_TEXT) {
    data[len] = 0;
    message = (char*)data;
    if (message.indexOf("1s") >= 0) {
      sliderValue1 = message.substring(2);
      dutyCycle1 = map(sliderValue1.toInt(), 0, 100, 0, 1023);
      Serial.println(dutyCycle1);
      Serial.print(getSliderValues());
      notifyClients(getSliderValues());
    }
    if (message.indexOf("2s") >= 0) {
      sliderValue2 = message.substring(2);
      dutyCycle2 = map(sliderValue2.toInt(), 0, 100, 0, 1023);
      Serial.println(dutyCycle2);
      Serial.print(getSliderValues());
      notifyClients(getSliderValues());
    }    
    if (message.indexOf("3s") >= 0) {
      sliderValue3 = message.substring(2);
      dutyCycle3 = map(sliderValue3.toInt(), 0, 100, 0, 1023);
      Serial.println(dutyCycle3);
      Serial.print(getSliderValues());
      notifyClients(getSliderValues());
    }
    if (strcmp((char*)data, "getValues") == 0) {
      notifyClients(getSliderValues());
    }
  }
}
void onEvent(AsyncWebSocket *server, AsyncWebSocketClient *client, AwsEventType type, void *arg, uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
  switch (type) {
    case WS_EVT_CONNECT:
      Serial.printf("WebSocket client #%u connected from %s\n", client->id(), client->remoteIP().toString().c_str());
      break;
    case WS_EVT_DISCONNECT:
      Serial.printf("WebSocket client #%u disconnected\n", client->id());
      break;
    case WS_EVT_DATA:
      handleWebSocketMessage(arg, data, len);
      break;
    case WS_EVT_PONG:
    case WS_EVT_ERROR:
      break;
  }
}

void initWebSocket() {
  ws.onEvent(onEvent);
  server.addHandler(&ws);
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(ledPin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin3, OUTPUT);
  initFS();
  initWiFi();

  initWebSocket();
  
  // Web Server Root URL
  server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send(LittleFS, "/index.html", "text/html");
  });
  
  server.serveStatic("/", LittleFS, "/");

  // Start server
  server.begin();
}

void loop() {
  analogWrite(ledPin1, dutyCycle1);
  analogWrite(ledPin2, dutyCycle2);
  analogWrite(ledPin3, dutyCycle3);

  ws.cleanupClients();
}

运行结果如下：

在这里插入图片描述

文章来源: https://iotsmart.blog.csdn.net/article/details/127460347