STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE编程实例-光断续传感器驱动

光断续传感器驱动

光断续器是（Photo Interrupt Sensor）一种透射型光传感器，将光接收和发射元件集成在一个封装中，请参见下图。 由于该方法涉及遮光，通常称为光断续器。 输出采用长寿命红外光电二极管，另一侧集成单个光电晶体管和光电IC用于光检测。

与机械开关不同，光断续器是非接触式（光学）开关，通过防止磨损（接触）引起的磨损来提高可靠性。

本文将介绍如何在STM32CubeIDE中如何使用光断续传感器。当有遮挡时，传感器输出低电平，连通时，输出高电平。

1、光断续传感器配置

开发环境搭建、系统时钟配置、调试配置及串口配置，请参考：

• STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE快速入门-开发环境搭建
• STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE快速入门-GPIO概述与点亮LED
• STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE快速入门-USART/UART串口通信

传感器配置如下：

保存配置并生成代码。

2、光断续传感器驱动实现

1）基本定义

/\*
 \* photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h
 \*
 \* Created on: Apr 23, 2022
 \* Author: jenson
 \*/

#ifndef \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_
#define \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stm32f1xx\_hal.h>
#include "main.h"

typedef struct {
	uint16\_t id;
	GPIO_TypeDef \*GPIOx;           // 总线端口
	uint16\_t GPIO_Pin;             // 总线引脚
} photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t;

/\*\*
 \*@brief 检查光断续传感器状态
 \*@param sensor 开关对象
 \*@return 当开关闭合时，返回1；否则，返回0
 \*/
uint8\_t photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_check(photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t\* sensor);

#endif /\* \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_ \*/

2）传感器状态检测

/\*
 \* photo\_interrupt\_sensor.c
 \*
 \* Created on: Apr 23, 2022
 \* Author: jenson
 \*/

#include "photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h"

uint8\_t photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_check(photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t \*sensor) {
	// 读取传感器输出电平
	if (HAL\_GPIO\_ReadPin(sensor->GPIOx, sensor->GPIO_Pin) == GPIO_PIN_SET) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

3）主程序

在main.c文件中添加如下代码：

/\* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------\*/
/\* USER CODE BEGIN Includes \*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "photo\_interrupt\_sensor/photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h"
/\* USER CODE END Includes \*/

/\* USER CODE BEGIN PV \*/
photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t sensor;
/\* USER CODE END PV \*/

int main(void) {
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN 1 \*/

	/\* USER CODE END 1 \*/

	/\* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------\*/

	/\* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. \*/
	HAL\_Init();

	/\* USER CODE BEGIN Init \*/

	/\* USER CODE END Init \*/

	/\* Configure the system clock \*/
	SystemClock\_Config();

	/\* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit \*/

	/\* USER CODE END SysInit \*/

	/\* Initialize all configured peripherals \*/
	MX\_GPIO\_Init();
	MX\_USART1\_UART\_Init();
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN 2 \*/
	sensor.id = 1;
	sensor.GPIO_Pin = PHOTO_INTERRUPT_SENSOR_Pin;
	sensor.GPIOx = PHOTO_INTERRUPT_SENSOR_GPIO_Port;
	printf("\*\*\*\*STM32CubeIDE:Photo Interrupt Sensor\*\*\*\*\r\n");
	/\* USER CODE END 2 \*/

	/\* Infinite loop \*/
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE \*/
	while (1) {
		/\* USER CODE END WHILE \*/

		/\* USER CODE BEGIN 3 \*/
		if (photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_check(&sensor)) {
			printf("Photo Interrupt Sensor toggled\r\n");
		}
		HAL\_Delay(10);
	}
	/\* USER CODE END 3 \*/
}

程序运行结果：

3、光断续传感器中断方式配置

前面的驱动代码是基于循环轮询实现，比较耗CPU。可以通过外部中断方式来对传感器输出信号进行检测。关于外部中断使用，请参考：

• STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE快速入门-中断、NVIC与EXTI概述
• STM32F1与STM32CubeIDE快速入门-外部中断配置与功能实现

传感器的中断方式驱动配置如下：

保存配置，并生成代码。

4、光断续传感器驱动中断方式实现

1）基本定义

/\*
 \* photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h
 \*
 \* Created on: Apr 23, 2022
 \* Author: jenson
 \*/

#ifndef \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_
#define \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stm32f1xx\_hal.h>
#include "main.h"

/\*\*\*
 \* @brief 光断续传感器中断回调函数
 \* @param sensor\_id 传感器编码
 \*/
typedef void (\*photo_interrupt_sensor_callback)(uint16\_t sensor_id);

typedef struct {
	uint16\_t id;
	GPIO_TypeDef \*GPIOx;           // 总线端口
	uint16\_t GPIO_Pin;             // 总线引脚
	photo_interrupt_sensor_callback callback;//中断回调函数
} photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t;


#endif /\* \_\_PHOTO\_INTERRUPT\_SENSOR\_H\_\_ \*/

2）中断服务实现

在stm32f1xx_it.c文件中添加如下代码：

/\* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------\*/
/\* USER CODE BEGIN Includes \*/
#include "photo\_interrupt\_sensor/photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h"
/\* USER CODE END Includes \*/

/\* USER CODE BEGIN EV \*/
extern photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t sensor;
/\* USER CODE END EV \*/

/\* USER CODE BEGIN 1 \*/
void HAL\_GPIO\_EXTI\_Callback(uint16\_t GPIO_Pin) {
	if(GPIO_Pin == sensor.GPIO_Pin){
		if(sensor.callback){
			sensor.callback(sensor.id);
		}
	}
}
/\* USER CODE END 1 \*/

3）主程序

在main.c文件中，添加如下代码：

/\* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------\*/
/\* USER CODE BEGIN Includes \*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "photo\_interrupt\_sensor/photo\_interrupt\_sensor.h"
/\* USER CODE END Includes \*/

/\* USER CODE BEGIN PV \*/
photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_t sensor;
/\* USER CODE END PV \*/

/\* USER CODE BEGIN PFP \*/
void on\_photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_callback(uint16\_t sensor_id);
/\* USER CODE END PFP \*/

/\* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------\*/
/\* USER CODE BEGIN 0 \*/
void on\_photo\_interrupt\_sensor\_callback(uint16\_t sensor_id){
	printf("Photo Interrupt Sensor %d toggled\r\n",sensor_id);
}
/\* USER CODE END 0 \*/

int main(void) {
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN 1 \*/

	/\* USER CODE END 1 \*/

	/\* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------\*/

	/\* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. \*/
	HAL\_Init();

	/\* USER CODE BEGIN Init \*/

	/\* USER CODE END Init \*/

	/\* Configure the system clock \*/
	SystemClock\_Config();

	/\* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit \*/

	/\* USER CODE END SysInit \*/

	/\* Initialize all configured peripherals \*/
	MX\_GPIO\_Init();
	MX\_USART1\_UART\_Init();
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN 2 \*/
	sensor.id = 1;
	sensor.GPIO_Pin = PHOTO_INTERRUPT_SENSOR_Pin;
	sensor.GPIOx = PHOTO_INTERRUPT_SENSOR_GPIO_Port;
	sensor.callback = on_photo_interrupt_sensor_callback;
	printf("\*\*\*\*STM32CubeIDE:Photo Interrupt Sensor\*\*\*\*\r\n");
	/\* USER CODE END 2 \*/

	/\* Infinite loop \*/
	/\* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE \*/
	while (1) {
		/\* USER CODE END WHILE \*/

		/\* USER CODE BEGIN 3 \*/

	}
	/\* USER CODE END 3 \*/
}

程序运行结果如下：

文章来源: https://iotsmart.blog.csdn.net/article/details/125403467